Maths Class: 5th
Chapter 2 (Roman Numerals )
Hindu-Arabic numerals:
The numerals from 0 to 9.
as: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
Roman Numerals: These numerals
are formed by 7 symbols.
as: I, V, X, L, C, D, M.
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I V X L C D M
1 5 10 50 100 500 1000
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* Rules:-
* 1. If a Symbol is repeated, its value is added.
Ex: I I = 1 + 1 = 2
X X = 10 + 10 = 20
*2. A Symbol can't be repeated more than 3 times. एक चिन्ह को 3 से अधिक बार दोहराया नहीं जा सकता है।
Ex: X X X = ✓ ( correct symbols)
I I I I = × ( wrong symbols)
And only ( I, X, C, M ) Can be repeated.
( V, L, D ) never repeated.
( केवल I, X, C, M को दोहराया जा सकता है लेकिन
V, L, D को कभी दोहराना नहीं।)
*3. If Smaller numeral is right of greater numeral, its value gets added to greater numeral.यदि छोटा अंक अधिक अंक के बाद है, तो इसका मान अधिक संख्या में जुड़ जाता है।
Ex: X I = 10 + 1 = 11.
V I = 5 + 1 = 6.
*4. If smaller numeral is left side to the greater numeral, subtract the smaller from greater numeral.यदि छोटे अंक अधिक अंक के आगे है, तो छोटे को अधिक अंक से घटाएं।
Ex: I X = 10 - 1 = 9
I V = 5 -1 = 4.
*5. When a smaller numeral is written in between two greater numerals, it in always subtracete from the greater numeral just after it.जब एक छोटे से अंक को दो से अधिक अंकों के बीच लिखा जाता है, तो यह हमेशा उसके बाद के बड़े अंक से सबट्रेक्ट करता है।
Ex: X I X = 10 + (10-1) = 10 +9 = 19
X I V = 10 + (5-1) = 10+4 = 14
* 6. Numerals V, L, D never subtracted & repeated.(V, L, D कभी घटाएं या दोहराएं नहीं।)
(a) I - can be subtracted from V, X
( I को V, X से घटाया जा सकता है )
I V = 5 - 1 = 4
I X = 10-1= 9
(b) X can be subtracted from L, C
( X को L, C से घटाया जा सकता है )
X L = 50-10=40
X C = 100-10=90
(c) C can be subtracted from D, M
( C को D, M से घटाया जा सकता है )
C D = 500-100=400
C M = 1000-100=900.
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Exercise: 2.1
Q 1. Fill in the box with correct Hindu Arabic for Roman numerals:
40 - LX 25 - XXV
44 - XLIV 45 - XLV
46 - XLVI 50 - L
53 - LIII 55 - LV
56 - LVI. 59 - LIX
60 - LX. 63 - LXIII
64 - LXIV. 67- LXVII
69 - LXIX. 70- LXX
72- LXXII. 76- LXXVI
79- LXXIX. 80- LXXX
81- LXXXI. 87- LXXXVII
89- LXXXIX. 90- XC
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Q 2. Put the sign < or > in the boxes:
(a) IV [ < ] X
(b) XL [ > ] XXX
(c) XL [ < ] LX.
(d) XVII [ < ] XLVII
(e) XVI [ > ] XIV
(f) C [ > ] XC
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Q 3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate numeral:
Hindu-Arabic Numeral Roman Numeral
(a) 1348=MCCCXLVIII
(b) 653= DCLIII
(c) MMCCXXXIV= 2234
(d) XLIV=44
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4. Mark () tor the correct numeral and (X) for the incorrect one.
(a) XVV. [ × ]
(b) XXX. [ ✓ ]
(c) DCCM. [ ✓ ]
(d) MCCCXI. [ ✓ ]
(e)MMMDDCLL [ × ]
(f) MMMMDDDDC [ × ]
(g)XXX. [ ✓ ]
(h) MDCLXIV. [ ✓ ]
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5. Write the following in Roman numeral.
(a) The day when your school reopened after summer vacation
(b) Your birthday
(c)Today's date
(d) Today's date
(e)Children's Day
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6 Wite the Roman numerals for following Hindu-Arabic numerals.
(a) 59. LIX
(b) 643. DCXLIII
(c)512. DXII
(d) 975. CMLXXV
(e)962. CMLXII
(f) 969. CMLXIX
(g) 1705. MDCCV
(h) 1405. MCDV
(i) 2617. MMDCXVII
(j) 3412. MMMCDXII
(k) 4523. IVDXXIII
(l) 7253. VMMCCLIII
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