Class: 4th Science
* Plants- Adaptation *
Plants are found in all over the world. They grow and live in different environments. Some plants grow on land, some grow in water. Some plants grow on cold regions while some grow in hot deserts. These places are called their natural habitate. Scientists have discovered about 3,80,000 species of plants at this time.
* Plants can be divided into two main species :1. Aquatic plants and
2. Terrestrial plants.
* Plants grow and live in different environment.
* Plants that grow in water are called aquatic plants.
* Plants that grow on earth are called terrestrial plants.
* The non-green plants cannot make their food themselves.
* Carnivorous plants eat the insects.
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A. Tick(✓) the correct answers :
1. Which one is a coniferous tree?
(a) mango
(b) spruce [✓]
(c) cactus
2. Which series of plants comes from grass family?
(a) Evergreen trees are aquatic
(b) Evergreen trees shed their leaves
(c) Evergreen trees do not shed their leaves
[✓]
3. Which one is a terrestrial plant?
(a) ceriops [✓]
(b) tapegrass
(c) pondweed
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B. Fill in the blanks :
[ pitcher plant, cattle, grass family, iris, conserve, anchorage ]
1. --------is the primary function of roots in underwater plants. [anchorage]✓
2. Cereal plants belong to-----------family of plant kingdom.[grass]✓
3.------------is an insectivorous plant.
[pitcher plant,]✓
4.------------and-------- are plants with the lower part often submerged. [cattle, iris]✓
5. The roots of plants of grass family help to
------------ soil.[conserve]✓
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C. Write True [✓] or False [×] :
1. Coniferous trees do not shed their leaves.
True [✓]
2. Insectivorous plants eat insects to get nutrition. True [✓]
3. Lotus and tapegrass are aquatic plants.
True [✓]
4. Duckweed is a fixed water plant.
False [×]
5. Cotton and rice plants are found in hilly areas. False [×]
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D. Match the following:
1. Mango trees.
(i) plains ✓
2. Coconut tree.
(ii) evergreen. ✓
3. Lily.
(iv) floating leaves ✓
4. Bamboo.
(iii) giant grass ✓
5. Coniferous trees
(i) hilly areas ✓
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E. Answer the following questions:
1. What are mangroves? Why are the roots of a mangrove plant are called breathing roots?
Ans: The soil in a marshy place is sticky with a lot of water. Trees that grow here are called mangroves. The roots of a mangrove do not get air from the soil. So, the roots grow above the ground are called breathing roots.
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2. How are coniferous trees adapted to their environment?
Ans: They have needle-like leaves with a waxy coating to prevent loss of water. The needle-like structure of leaves makes snow slide off easily.
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3. What is adaptation?
Ans: Adaptations are special features that allow a plant or animal to live in a particular place or habitat.
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4. What are terrestrial plants? Name two terrestrial plants.
Ans: Terrestrial plants mean plants that grow on land. These plants depend on the type of soil and climate of their surroundings. Two terrestrial plants are pine, mango.
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5. Why are leaves of desert plant modified into spines?
Ans: To prevent the loss of water by transpiration.
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* Different kinds of plants are found in different regions.
* Plants that grow on land are called terrestrial plants. They grow in cold areas, marshy areas, coastal areas, plains or deserts.
* Aquatic plants are one that grow under water. They can be fully underwater fixed, free-floating or emergent.
* Insectivorous plants eat insects to get nutrition.
* Floating plants are of two types: those which are rooted with floating leaves and those which are not rooted in the sediment,
but just float on the surface.
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